Multi-channel communication is increasingly used in wireless sensor networks, which can improve the throughput of wireless sensor network communication and solve the channel interference problem. This paper briefly analyzes the multi-channel communication technology of wireless sensor networks, aiming to provide a reference for related research.

Wireless sensor networks have important applications in various fields such as maritime communications and aviation communications. The wireless sensor network model is generally divided into four components: physical sensing unit, data acquisition unit, data transmission unit and energy unit: ① Physical sensing unit: The main function of the physical sensing unit is to obtain relevant sensing data of the target object. It can sense the temperature, image and other data of the target object based on wireless sensors; ② Data processing unit: After collecting the sensing data of the target object, the sensor will pre-process the relevant sensing data through the data processing unit, such as pre-processing of image data, pre-processing of temperature data, etc.③ Data transmission unit: The perception data of the target object needs to be transmitted or received after being processed. The main function of the data transmission unit is to cooperate with multi-channel wireless communication to realize the transmission or reception of the perception data of the target object [1]; ④ Energy unit: Wireless sensors and other devices in the wireless sensor network require energy support. The main function of the energy unit is to supply energy to the wireless sensor network, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the wireless sensor network.

Although multi-channel communication can improve the reliability of wireless sensor network communication, this communication mode will also increase the complexity of communication protocols and communication structures. Compared with single-channel communication, issues such as multi-channel broadcasting and resource load balancing in wireless sensor networks using multi-channel communication technology still need to be optimized.

The above article analyzes the problems of multi-channel broadcast communication. To address these problems, a distributed tree broadcast protocol can be established to optimize multi-channel broadcast communication. The tree broadcast protocol can send broadcast packets from nodes, which can effectively improve the efficiency and coverage of multi-channel broadcast communication. The distributed tree broadcast protocol adopts a dynamic allocation method and a distributed method. The centralized algorithm is simpler and has low requirements on nodes in the application of wireless sensor networks. This effectively reduces node energy consumption, thereby optimizing multi-channel broadcast communication.

This paper briefly studies the wireless sensor network model and the role of multi-channel communication in wireless sensor networks, analyzes the multi-channel broadcast problem in wireless sensor networks, and proposes specific optimization methods to improve the application level of multi-channel communication technology in wireless sensor networks.